Iimveliso

I-L-Ascorbic Acid, i-Calcium Ascorbate, i-Magnesium Ascorbate, i-Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, i-Sodium Ascorbate, kunye nomsebenzi we-Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate kwi-cosmetic formulations ngokuyinhloko njenge-antioxidants.I-Ascorbic Acid ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-Vitamin C. I-Ascorbic Acid isetyenziswa njenge-antioxidant kunye ne-pH adjuster kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-cosmetic formulations, ngaphezu kwe-3/4 yazo yayiyidayi zeenwele kunye nemibala ekugxininiseni phakathi kwe-0.3% kunye ne-0.6%.Ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izinto, ugxininiso oluxeliweyo luphantsi kakhulu (<0.01%) okanye kwi-5% ukuya kwi-10%.I-Calcium Ascorbate kunye ne-Magnesium Ascorbate zichazwa njenge-antioxidants kunye ne-ejenti yokulungisa ulusu--izinto ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwizinto zokuthambisa, kodwa azisetyenziswa ngoku.I-Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate isebenza njenge-antioxidant kwiimveliso zokuthambisa kwaye isetyenziselwa ukugxila ukusuka kwi-0.01% ukuya kwi-3%.I-Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate isebenza njenge-antioxidant kwizinto zokuthambisa kwaye kwaxelwa ukuba isetyenziswe ekugxininiseni ukusuka kwi-0.001% ukuya kwi-3%.I-Sodium Ascorbate iphinda isebenze njenge-antioxidant kwizinto zokuthambisa kwiindawo ezisuka kwi-0.0003% ukuya kwi-0.3%.Izithako eziyeleleneyo (i-Ascorbyl Palmitate, i-Ascorbyl Dipalmitate, i-Ascorbyl Stearate, i-Erythorbic Acid, kunye ne-Sodium Erythorbate) ziye zahlaziywa ngaphambili yi-Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) yeNgcali yePhaneli kwaye yafunyanwa "ikhuselekile ukusetyenziswa njengezithako zokuthambisa kwizenzo zangoku ezilungileyo. ukusebenzisa."I-Ascorbic Acid yinto eyaziwa ngokubanzi njengekhuselekile (i-GRAS) ukuze isetyenziswe njengento egcina imichiza ekutyeni nanjengesakhamzimba kunye/okanye nesongezo sokutya.I-Calcium Ascorbate kunye ne-Sodium Ascorbate zidweliswe njengezinto ze-GRAS ukuze zisetyenziswe njengezithinteli zeekhemikhali.I-L-Ascorbic Acid ikulungele kwaye iguqulwe i-oxidized kwi-L-dehydroascorbic acid kwaye zombini iifom zikhona ngokulingana emzimbeni.Amazinga e-Permeation ye-Ascorbic Acid ngokusebenzisa ulusu olupheleleyo kunye nolukhutshiwe lwegundane lwaluyi-3.43 +/- 0.74 microg / cm (2) / h kunye ne-33.2 +/- 5.2 microg / cm (2) / h.Uphononongo olubukhali lomlomo kunye nolwabazali kwiimpuku, iimpuku, imivundla, iihagu, izinja, kunye neekati zibonise ubutyhefu obuncinci.I-Ascorbic Acid kunye ne-Sodium Ascorbate zisebenze njenge-nitrosation inhibitor kwizifundo ezininzi zokutya kunye nemveliso ye-cosmetic.Akukho zibonakaliso zeklinikhi ezinxulumene nekhompawundi okanye iziphumo ezibi okanye ezincinci ze-pathological ziye zabonwa nokuba ziimpuku, iimpuku, okanye iihagu zeGuinea kwizifundo zexesha elifutshane.Iihagu zeGuinea zamadoda zondla i-basal yokutya kunye nokunikezelwa kwi-250 mg Ascorbic Acid ngomlomo kwiiveki ze-20 zine-hemoglobin efanayo, i-blood glucose, i-serum iron, i-iron yesibindi, kunye namanqanaba e-glycogen yesibindi xa kuthelekiswa namaxabiso okulawula.Iigundane ze-F344 / N kunye ne-B6C3F (1) iigundane zondliwa izidlo eziqulethe ukuya kwi-100,000 ppm Ascorbic Acid kwiiveki ze-13 ezinobuthi obuncinci.Uphononongo lokutyisa olungapheliyo lwe-Ascorbic Acid lubonise iziphumo eziyityhefu kwiidosi ezingaphezulu kwe-25 mg/kg ubunzima bomzimba (bw) kwiimpuku kunye neehagu zeguinea.Amaqela eempuku zamadoda namabhinqa anikwa iidosi zemihla ngemihla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2000 mg/kg bw Ascorbic Acid iminyaka emi-2 ayengenazo izilonda ezinobuthi ezinkulu okanye ezibonwa ngemicroscopically.Iigundane ezinikwe i-Ascorbic Acid i-subcutaneous kunye ne-intravenous doses yemihla ngemihla (500 ukuya kwi-1000 mg / kg bw) kwiintsuku ze-7 zazingenalo utshintsho kwisidlo, ubunzima, kunye nokuziphatha ngokubanzi;kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-histological yamalungu ahlukeneyo abonisanga utshintsho.I-Ascorbic Acid yayiyi-photoprotectant xa isetyenziswe kwiigundane kunye nesikhumba sehagu ngaphambi kokuvezwa kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV).Ukuvinjelwa kwe-UV-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity kwaphawulwa.Ulawulo lweMagnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate kwangoko emva kokuvezwa kwiimpuku ezingenaboya kulibazise kakhulu ukumila kwethumba lolusu kunye ne-hyperplasia ebangelwa kukuvezwa okungapheliyo kwimitha ye-UV.Iigundane ezikhulelweyo kunye neempuku zanikwa iidosi zomlomo zemihla ngemihla ze-Ascorbic Acid ukuya kwi-1000 mg / kg bw ngaphandle kwezibonakaliso zemiphumo yabantu abadala-ityhefu, i-teratogenic, okanye i-fetotoxic.I-Ascorbic Acid kunye ne-Sodium Ascorbate yayingekho i-genotoxic kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokuvavanya ibhaktheriya kunye ne-mammalian, ehambelana neempawu ze-antioxidant zale michiza.Xa kukho iinkqubo ezithile ze-enzyme okanye i-ion zetsimbi, ubungqina be-genotoxicity bubonwe.Inkqubo yeSizwe yeToxicology (NTP) yenze i-2-year oral carcinogenesis bioassay ye-Ascorbic Acid (25,000 kunye ne-50,000 ppm) kwiigundane ze-F344 / N kunye ne-B6C3F (1) iigundane.I-Ascorbic Acid yayingenayo i-carcinogenic kuzo zombini iigundane kunye neempuku.Ukuvinjelwa kwe-carcinogenesis kunye nokukhula kwe-tumor ehambelana ne-Ascorbic Acid ye-antioxidant properties kuye kwabikwa.I-Sodium Ascorbate ibonakaliswe ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwe-urinary carcinomas kwizifundo ze-carcinogenesis zamanqanaba amabini.Ukusetyenziswa kwedermal ye-Ascorbic Acid kwizigulana ezine-radiation dermatitis kunye namaxhoba atshisayo azizange zibe nemiphumo emibi.I-Ascorbic Acid yayiyi-photoprotectant kwizifundo zeklinikhi zabantu ze-UV kwiidosi ezingaphezulu kwedosi encinci ye-erythema (MED).I-cream opaque equkethe i-5% ye-Ascorbic Acid ayizange ibangele i-dermal sensitization kwi-103 izifundo zabantu.Imveliso equkethe i-10% ye-Ascorbic Acid yayingekho i-nonirritant kwi-4-day minicumulative patch assay kwisikhumba somntu kunye nonyango lobuso oluqukethe i-10% ye-Ascorbic Acid yayingeyona i-sensitizer yoqhagamshelwano kwi-maximization assay kubantu be-26.Ngenxa yokufana kolwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwezi zithako, iPhaneli ikholelwa ukuba idatha kwisithako esinye inokukhutshwa kuzo zonke.IPhaneli yeeNgcali ichaze ukufunyaniswa kokuba i-Ascorbic Acid yayiyi-genotoxic kwezi nkqubo zimbalwa zokuvavanya ngenxa yobukho bezinye iikhemikhali, umz., isinyithi, okanye iinkqubo ezithile ze-enzyme, eziguqula ngempumelelo isenzo se-Ascorbic Acid kwi-pro-oxidant.Xa i-Ascorbic Acid isebenza njenge-antioxidant, iPhaneli yagqiba ukuba i-Ascorbic Acid ayikho i-genotoxic.Ukuxhasa lo mbono yayizizifundo ze-carcinogenicity ezenziwe yi-NTP, ezingabonisi bungqina be-carcinogenicity.I-Ascorbic Acid yafunyanwa ukuba inqanda ngokufanelekileyo isivuno se-nitrosamine kwiinkqubo ezininzi zovavanyo.Iphaneli yenza uphononongo lwezifundo apho iSodium Ascorbate yasebenza njengomgqugquzeli wethumba kwizilwanyana.Ezi ziphumo zithathwa njengezinxulumene nokugxininiswa kwe-ion ye-sodium kunye ne-pH yomchamo kwizilwanyana zovavanyo.Iziphumo ezifanayo zabonwa nge-sodium bicarbonate.Ngenxa yenkxalabo yokuba ii-ion zetsimbi ezithile zinokudityaniswa nezi zithako ukuvelisa umsebenzi we-pro-oxidant, iPhaneli ilumkise abaxumi bamayeza ukuba baqiniseke ukuba ezi zithako zisebenza njenge-antioxidants kwi-cosmetic formulations.Iphaneli yayikholelwa ukuba amava ekliniki apho i-Ascorbic Acid isetyenziswe kwesikhumba esonakeleyo ngaphandle kwemiphumo emibi kunye novavanyo lokuphindaphinda ukuhlambalaza (RIPT) usebenzisa i-5% ye-Ascorbic Acid eneziphumo ezibi zixhasa ukufumanisa ukuba eli qela lezithako alibonisi. umngcipheko wokuvuselela ulusu.Ezi nkcukacha kunye nokungabikho kweengxelo kwiincwadi zeklinikhi ze-Ascorbic Acid sensitization zixhasa ngamandla ukhuseleko lwezi zithako.